Analysis of the mass of behind-armor debris generated by RHA subjected to normal penetration of variable cross-section EFP

Analyzing the mass of behind-armor debris (BAD) generated by Rolled Homogeneous Armor (RHA) subjected to normal penetration of variable cross-section Explosively Formed Projectile (EFP) is the purpose of this paper. So theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and experimental data are combined to analyze the influence of variable cross-section characteristic on the time history of crater radius. Moreover the relationships between time history of crater radius (as well as mass of BAD) and the thickness of RHA (from 30 mm to 70 mm) and the impact velocity of EFP (1650 m/s to 1860 m/s) are also investigated. The results indicate that: 1) being compared to the variable cross-section characteristic is ignored, the theoretical time history of crater radius is in better agreement with the simulation results when the variable cross-section characteristic is considered; 2) being compared to the other three conditions of plug, the theoretical mass of BAD is in the best agreement with the simulation results when the shape of plug is frustum of a cone and the angle between generatrix and bottom is 45° and the axial length of mushroom is considered.     

基于核主成分分析的铁谱磨粒特征提取方法研究

针对铁谱分析的磨粒识别过程中存在原始磨粒特征描述指标参数多、非线性突出的问题,提出基于核主成分分析的磨粒特征提取方法,介绍该方法的原理与算法。结合某柴油发动机故障检测与分析系统中铁谱磨粒自动识别的应用实例,并与传统主成份分析方法进行对比分析,结果表明该方法在进行样本非线性特征参数指标综合以及特征维数压缩方面具有可行性和有效性。     

基于ABM方法的空间碎片网捕体系结构建模

空间碎片网捕是一种新型的空间碎片清理方式。首先介绍了基于活动的建模方法(ABM)以及进行体系结构建模的流程,之后基于系统的基本工作流程,使用System Architect软件对空间碎片网捕任务的体系结构进行了可视化建模,得到了典型的作战视图,并进行了任务流程的仿真;对理解空间目标网捕系统的功能、研究空间碎片网捕任务的流程,提出系统构建需求具有一定的参考价值。。     

近界视景导航中森林场景加速绘制

作为近界视景导航中典型地物,三维几何树模型能提高虚拟场景视觉精度,增强场景真实感,但会导致大规模森林场景绘制效率降低,从而降低视景导航精度。为提高绘制效率以确保视景导航精度,并提高场景真实感,采用布告板云算法构建了基于视距的多分辨率树模型,针对算法在近界视景导航应用中存在的问题进行了改进。为进一步提高近界特别是贴地飞行时高动态视点下视景导航精度,根据有限视域、威胁区域以及视觉冗余等特点,提出了一种基于高动态视点的加速绘制算法。通过实验对比分析,算法大幅提高了场景绘制效率,增强了场景视觉质量,提高了虚拟场景导航精度。     

Survivability assessment of spacecraft impacted by orbit debris

To help optimize the spacecraft design and reduce the risk of spacecraft mission failure, a new approach to assess the survivability of spacecraft in orbit is presented here, including the following three steps:1) Sensitivity Analysis of spacecraft. A new sensitivity analysis method, a ray method based on virtual outer wall, is presented here. Using rays to simulate the debris cloud can effectively address the component shadowing issues. 2) Component Vulnerability analysis of spacecraft. A function"Component functional reduction degree — Component physical damage degree"is provided here to clearly describe the component functional reduction. 3) System-level Survivability Assessment of spacecraft. A new method based on expert knowledge reasoning, instead of traditional artificial failure tree method, is presented here to greatly improve the efficiency and accuracy of calculation.     

Research and development on hypervelocity impact protection using Whipple shield: An overview

Whipple shield, a dual-wall system, as well as its improved structures, is widely applied to defend the hypervelocity impact of space debris (projectile). This paper reviews the studies about the mechanism and process of protection against hypervelocity impacts using Whipple shield. Ground-based experiment and numerical simulation for hypervelocity impact and protection are introduced briefly. Three steps of the Whipple shield protection are discussed in order, including the interaction between the projectile and bumper, the movement and diffusion of the debris cloud, and the interaction between the debris cloud and rear plate. Potential improvements of the protection performance focusing on these three steps are presented. Representative works in the last decade are mentioned specifically. Some prospects and suggestions for future studies are put forward.     

填充式波纹夹层结构超高速撞击特性仿真

基于航天器空间碎片被动防护需求,对一种新型填充式波纹夹层结构进行超高速撞击仿真研究,分析超高速撞击过程以及结构的穿孔破坏情况和所形成的碎片云的特性,并与相同面密度Whipple结构进行对比。其撞击现象与Whipple结构相似,但其碎片云的头部速度小于Whipple结构,而径向膨胀最大速度和膨胀半角均大于Whipple结构。随撞击初速从3 km/s~10 km/s不断增大,波纹夹层结构的撞击穿孔尺寸变大,形状也更不规则。此外,结构中的填充树脂对碎片撞击能量的吸收贡献最大,后面板所吸收的能量所占比重较大,而前面板和波纹板对碎片撞击能量的吸收贡献较小。研究结果对空间碎片防护结构的设计具有一定的参考意义。     

空间碎片碰撞风险评估模型及其应用

以现有的空间碎片环境模型为基础,建立了一套空间碎片风险评估模型。该模型包括空间碎片环境、航天器有限元建模、几何遮挡处理以及碰撞概率计算四个模块。为了验证风险评估模型的精度及有效性,针对机构间空间碎片协调委员会指定的三种标准工况,将该计算结果与国内外已有的风险评估模型的计算结果进行比较,验证了风险评估模型的正确性。利用开发的风险评估模型,对立方体航天器遭遇空间碎片碰撞风险进行仿真评估与分析,给出了轨道高度、倾角以及航天器自身的姿态参数对航天器遭遇空间碎片碰撞风险的影响特性。     

基于雷达波束篱笆的空间碎片数量的置信区间估计

针对雷达波束篱笆空间碎片探测模式,提出了一种估计碎片数量置信区间的方法.对于给定的轨道高度范围,将轨道倾角和雷达散射截面足够大的碎片是否真正穿越波束篱笆这一事件用(0-1)分布来建模,根据所获取的轨道高度数据,得到该轨道高度范围内碎片穿越波束篱笆的平均概率,进而采用中心极限定理估计出该范围内碎片总数量的置信区间.仿真实验验证了方法的有效性.     

空间碎片天基主动清除技术发展现状及趋势

随着国内外航天发射任务逐年增多,大量在轨滞留的失效航天器将成为未来空间资源有效利用所面临的一个严峻挑战。空间碎片天基主动清除技术是从根源上对空间资源化利用与安全处置的措施,将提升和加强近地空间的可持续循环利用。本文明晰了空间碎片天基主动清除的概念,分析了空间碎片天基主动清除技术的发展历程,提出了其发展过程中面临的非合作目标相对导航、协调控制和捕获方式及装置等主要问题,为我国空间碎片天基主动清除技术的发展提出了有益参考。